consequences of the sanctions and countersanctions imposed between Russia and Western countries. Contrary to most of the existing …Sanctions are meant to coerce political adversaries through economic measures. However, evidence for their … effectiveness is scarce. In this paper we assess the impact of sanctions on a democracy - France - by studying the electoral …

wirtschaftlichen Beziehungen Deutschlands zu Russland grundlegend zu überdenken. Es wurde eine „Zeitenwende“ ausgerufen, die eine Zäsur … in der Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik sowie die Überwindung wirtschaftlicher Abhängigkeiten von Russland bedeutete. In … diesem Beitrag wird analysiert, ob Deutschland seine Außenhandelsbeziehungen zu Russland mehr als ein Jahr nach dieser …

rethink Germany's political and economic relations with Russia. A “change of times” was proclaimed which meant a caesura in … foreign and security policy as well as the overcoming of economic dependencies on Russia. This article analyzes whether … Germany has substantially reduced its foreign trade relations with Russia more than a year after this proclamation. It is …

Russia, we find that these sanctions substantially decreased bilateral trade of Russia, mainly due to reduced trade with the …Combining two new datasets on sanctions and agricultural trade and implementing step-by-step the latest developments in … the empirical structural gravity literature, we investigate the effects of sanctions on international trade of …

We examine Russian imports since a coalition of countries imposed sanctions on exports to Russia. As Russia no longer …) utilizing a difference-in-difference approach. Our dataset covers exports to Russia at the HS6-level of disaggregation from 26 … sanctioning and 14 non-sanctioning countries during 2018-2023. We find that the exports of sanctioning countries to Russia fell …

definition of sanction contribution increase the success ratio in general and ultimately the share of sanctions that are judged … on economic sanctions: the Peterson Institute data base reported in Hufbauer et al. (Economic Sanctions Reconsidered, 2nd … methodology they uncover positive bias (that is: methodological changes that make it more likely to find sanction success as …

Under extraterritorial sanctions the sanctioning country extends its policies to trade of third countries with the … game-theoretic model to explain the emergence of extraterritorial sanctions. Such trade sanctions i) do not arise when the … emergence of extraterritorial trade sanctions. …

, incentives to bluff. Under a reward regime, targets can bluff in order to extort larger inducements. Under a sanction regime …, targets can bluff in order to deter coercion attempts. I find that while sanctions are a weakly dominant tool of influence … committing to a certain course of action for the entire duration of interaction. Moreover, using rewards and sanctions in …

Are victims of human rights abuses better off with or without economic sanctions targeted at their perpetrators? We …