This paper is concerned with Confucianism and Islamic ideas in the concept of man. An effort has been made to compare these two great civilizations in order to find out four relations which between human being and nature; human being and humanized nature (society); human being and other human;...

We create market-based measures from options data to predict changes in REIT capital structure. REIT capital structure differs from that of typical listed firms: REITs have high leverage ratios of about 50 percent, their use of short-term debt is higher and more volatile, and debt issuance and...

As expiration dates for Nifty stock index futures approach, trading volume in calendar spreads rises at times to over 50% of total daily volume, making this transaction particularly important to execute efficiently for investors rolling over sizable positions into deferred month contracts. In...