We compare second birth risks in France and western Germany using data from the Family and Fertility Survey. Second birth risks are higher for highly educated women than for women with lower education in both countries. In western Germany, the positive effect weakens after controlling for the...

The flight and expulsion of Germans from Eastern Europe during and after World War II constitutes one of the largest forced population movements in history. We analyze the economic integration of these forced migrants and their offspring in West Germany. The empirical results suggest that even a...

Purpose – This paper calls for a reconsideration of standard narratives regarding the role of small, independent retailers for twentieth‐century urban communities. The paper aims to discuss the issues. Design/methodology/approach – Taking the German city of Bremen as an example, the paper...

Reports the findings of a study which examined the attitudes of East and West German managers to the process of strategic industrial change following German reunification. Acknowledges the importance of organizational and national culture, specifically in relation to the process of strategic...