Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Typically, WIC State agencies obtain substantial discounts in the form of … rebates from infant formula manufacturers for each can of formula purchased through the program. The cost to WIC for each can … wholesale price. This analysis suggests that retail markup accounts for most of the cost to WIC of infant formula in most States …

geographic access to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). My empirical approach … uses within-ZIP-code variation in WIC clinic presence together with maternal fixed effects, and accounts for the potential … endogeneity of mobility, gestational-age bias, and measurement error in gestation. I find that access to WIC increases food …

Although the WIC food assistance program purchases over one-half of all US infant formula, I find the program has … little impact on the prices paid by non-WIC customers. I estimate infant-formula marginal cost and find that it is low … compared to price, implying large price-cost markups. But, the WIC program is not to blame. Instead large price-cost markups …

USDA’s Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutritious foods … 5. Despite the health benefits of WIC participation, many eligible women do not participate during pregnancy, and many … households exit WIC when a participating child turns 1 year old. The authors of this report use the first two waves of the Early …

These files provide a database of rebate bids made by infant formula manufacturers to state WIC agencies. The database …

Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The objectives of this study were to describe a census of state and … local WIC agencies’ policies and practices to promote breastfeeding; the breastfeeding measures that agencies collect and … report; and the data systems used to store and report that information. The study also used paradata to assess the WIC …

stages. These findings are useful for WIC nutritionists and health care practitioners to encourage the early development of …

Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). …