Pensions may be provided for in a modern society by a mix of several methods, namely by voluntary individual savings …

Pensions may be provided for in a modern society by a mix of several methods, namely by voluntary individual savings …

Initial public pensions are indexed to the economy-wide average wages, but pensions in progress are indexed to prices … to study the properties of indexing pensions in progress - emphasizing a neglected issue: close wage paths should imply …

equity and incentive neutrality. However, when one considers the presence of NDC pensions together with minimum and social … assistance pensions, this is no longer true. Indeed, in all the three countries considered, the NDC system shows a regressive …, the possibility of accumulation of social assistance and NDC pensions, which would also improve pension adequacy. A …

Old-age pensions in the NDC systems reflect the accumulated lifetime labour income. Interrupted careers and differences …-age pensions in the future. We argue that the pension systems' design modifications that weaken the link between contribution and … benefits would not solve the challenge of providing adequate old-age pensions to people with interrupted careers. On the …