The Chinese economy has been undergoing a structural slowdown during the past decade, due to aging, decelerating productivity, and lower returns on assets. The COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with China’s dynamic Zero-COVID policies, have worsened that trend, together with two other important...

The recession induced by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major declines in employment of women, both from the demand side as firms reduced employment and from the supply side resulting from school closures and the closing of many child care facilities. We provide projections of possible...

This study examines the effect of macroeconomic shocks on the shipping market using time-series data by comparing the periods of the COVID-19 and traditional crises. A structural vector autoregressive model and forecast scenario were applied for the analysis. The results can be summarized as...