In this study, we propose a mathematical model of a 4D clustered traveling salesman problem (CTSP) to address the cost-effective security and risk-related difficulties associated with the TSP. We used a multiparent-based memetic genetic algorithm to optimize paths between all clusters and...

Efficient route management is critical for optimizing maintenance activities in real estate management. This study delves into the intricate task of allocating maintenance duties among building surveyors, a pivotal concern for property management firms. The primary goal of route planning is to...

Purpose: The overstocked goods flow in the hub of hub-and-spoke logistics network should be disposed of in time, to reduce delay loss and improve the utilization rate of logistics network resources. The problem we need to solve is to let logistics network cooperate by sharing network resources...