We investigate the impact of childhood exposure to organized criminal violence on sociopolitical attitudes in Mexico … institutions, interpersonal trust, and vote choice. To assess the impact of violence exposure on these attitudes, we construct … confrontations from the municipality where they grew up. Our findings indicate that exposure to both types of violence during the …

Organized crime reinforces its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that … increase the cost of corruption but not of the exercise of violence might accordingly lead mafia-style organizations to … retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, anti-corruption measures might also induce criminal …

retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, this kind of anti-crime measure might also induce … impact of city council dissolution for mafia influence in Italy as prescribed by Decree Law 164/1991 in discouraging violence …Organised crime tightens its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that …

absence of state authority, insecurity and crime generate a demand for protection. When the protection providers themselves … are recruited among criminals, the prospect of graduating to the Firm magnifies the incentive for violent crime. More … violence in turn increases the income of the protection providers. The result is a violence multiplier. Combining elements from …

I examine the relationship between organized crime, violence and the quality of the political class in Italy. I show … regions. Greater violence before the elections is in turn associated with a lower quality of the political class, as reflected …

rates in Italy since 1887, comparing the extent of 'electoral-violence cycles' between areas with a higher and lower …We investigate how criminal organizations strategically use violence to influence elections in order to get captured … politicians elected. The model offers novel testable implications about the use of pre-electoral violence under different types of …

rates in Italy since 1887, comparing the extent of ‘electoral-violence cycles' between areas with a higher and lower …We investigate how criminal organizations strategically use violence to influence elections in order to get captured … politicians elected. The model offers novel testable implications about the use of pre-electoral violence under different types of …