We argue that the diverse components of a choice architecture can be classified into two main dimensions – Message and Environment – and that the distinction between them is useful to better understand how nudges work. In the first part of the paper, we define what we mean by nudge, explain...

This paper quantifies the amount of noise and bias in analysts' forecast of corporate earnings at various horizons. We first show analyst forecasts outperform statistical forecasts at short-horizons, but underperform at longer horizons. We next decompose the relative accuracy of these forecasts...

We propose a novel information-theoretic approach to separately identify the risk preferences and beliefs of different types of financial market investors. Investors who allocate most of their wealth in large market capitalization stocks are risk averse and believe that the aggregate stock...

This paper studies the welfare of time-inconsistent, partially sophisticated agents living under two different regimes, one with complete, unfettered credit markets (CM) and the other with endogenous borrowing constraints (EBC) where the borrowing limits are set to make agents indifferent...

The animated discourse on corporate social responsibility towards stakeholders in the last two years, particularly as embodied through the terms ESG, corporate purpose and stakeholderism (which will be used in this article interchangeably) had reached a turning point even before the COVID-19...

We propose a novel procedure to identify the marginal stock market investor's beliefs from observed asset prices. Our approach recovers price-consistent beliefs, i.e. the distribution of macro and financial variables that satisfy the conditional Euler equations, given a cross-section of assets,...

The quest for parsimonious models has been a key objective in asset pricing. However, there appears to be no consensus on the most successful asset pricing strategy in the literature, especially for the South African Market. Using financial statements from January 2000 to December 2015, this...

I introduce a survey of economic expectations formed by querying a large language model (LLM)’s expectations of various financial and macroeconomic variables based on a sample of news articles from the Wall Street Journal between 1984 and 2021. I find the resulting expectations closely match...

We measure which past experiences determine investors' expectations about the market's future Sharpe Ratio. We first introduce a simple method to recover individuals' subjective Sharpe Ratios from a rich source of survey microdata. These subjective expectations are procyclical, extrapolative,...