Economic and policy implications of population aging / Robert Clark, Andrew Mason, Naohiro Ogawa -- Population aging, changing retirement policies and lifetime earnings profiles in Japan / Robert Clark, Naohiro Ogawa, Rikiya Matsukura -- Firm productivity, work-force age and educational...

This Staff Discussion Note looks at the stark fiscal challenges posed by the decline and aging of populations between now and 2100. It finds that without reforms, pensions and health spending would rise to 25 percent of GDP by end-century in more developed countries (and 16 percent of GDP in...