A simulation-based inexact rough-interval programming approach is proposed for agricultural irrigation management in a China’s rural region. The conjunctive use of multiple water sources is examined under a set of land-area, water-availability, environmental-standard, capital, and technical...

Real estate markets (REMs) may be classified as strong-form efficient, semi-strong-form efficient or weak-form efficient. Efficiency measures the level of development or goal attainment in a complex social and economic system, such as the real estate market. The efficiency of the real estate...

Data mining and knowledge discovery applied to the billing data provide the diagnostic instruments for the evaluation of energy use in buildings connected to a district heating network. To ensure the validity of an algorithm-based classification system, the dynamic properties of a sequence of...

Rough Set Theory (RST) originated as an approach to approximating a given set, but has found its main applications in the statistical domain of classification problems. It generates classification rules, and can be seen in general terms as a technique for rule induction. Expositions of RST often...

Rough set theory was originally proposed for analyzing data gathered in data tables, often referred to as information systems. The lower and upper approximations introduced within this theory are known as the very useful concepts. The theory as a whole now becomes a recognized foundation for...

The bankruptcy prediction problem can be considered an or dinal classification problem. The classical theory of Rough Sets describes objects by discrete attributes, and does not take into account the order- ing of the attributes values. This paper proposes a modification of the Rough Set...

This paper presents a fuzzy rough semi-supervised outlier detection (FRSSOD) approach with the help of some labeled samples and fuzzy rough C-means clustering. This method introduces an objective function, which minimizes the sum squared error of clustering results and the deviation from known...