This paper provides recommendations for combining the carbon budget with the carbon tax to support delivery of South Africa's emissions reduction targets beyond 2020. The analysis involved comparing four categories of policy alignment options, including layering, 'tax enforces budget' option,...

This paper reviews the key findings of a modeling analysis exploring the implications of the South African carbon tax. The modeling work reported in this paper differs from earlier analyses of the possible impact of a carbon tax in South Africa by more closely reflecting the actual design...

Reforms over the past two decades have produced a well-balanced, modern tax system. However, considerable revenues will be needed in the years ahead to expand social spending and infrastructure in order to raise growth and well-being. The challenge is to generate these revenues without...

South Africa is a water-scarce country with an average rainfall of 500 mm per year. It is estimated that national water demand will exceed supply by 2025. Increasing the water supply would be environmentally, financially or politically unfeasible. Impoverished communities, especially those in...