liability for oil pollution damage caused by ships. In order to find out solutions for such improvement of the legal system …, this paper focuses on the systematic analysis of the Chinese laws of civil liability for oil pollution damage caused by … implementation of laws of civil liability for oil pollution damage caused by ships. …

lawsuits can take place in the nation where the spill occurred under that nation’s laws; alternatively, a liability claim can … laws to seek large payments or remediation commitments.This type of border-jumping liability litigation has always had its …

, inconsistent with limited liability. Second, under the theory of corporate social responsibility, corporations are believed to have … developments in corporate group liability, should be held liable under the ELD for environmental damage caused by their …. Parent company liability could also be viewed as a remedy for the lack of mandatory financial security, but would not appear …

, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) in 1980 to regulate remediation and redevelopment of contaminated sites. This … groundbreaking legislation delineates a complex and far-reaching liability scheme for various potential responsible parties. However …, throughout its history CERCLA's defining features imposing 'strict, joint and several, and retroactive liability' have been …

, including illegal wildlife trade. Yet, liability litigation is a potentially ground-breaking conservation strategy to remedy … lawsuits across countries and conservation contexts. We explain liability litigation in terms of three dimensions: (1) defining …