standard, to monopolize encoding, Microsoft would need to exclude rival formats, forcing consumers to use its WMA format. Third …

We analyze the central economic issues raised by U.S. v Microsoft. Network effects and economies of scale in … and the Java programming language potentially could have lowered. Microsoft took actions to eliminate this threat to its … operating system monopoly, and some of Microsoft's conduct very likely harmed consumers. While we recognize the risks of the …

The Microsoft antitrust case focused public attention on the role of antitrust enforcement in preserving the forces of …

and EU cases against Microsoft on the issue of tying new products (Internet Explorer in the US, and Windows Media Player …