By focusing only on the trade deficit, critics miss the full economic benefits of a more open American economy. This paper provides original analysis of the total inflow and outflow of dollars through numerous pipes that make up the plumbing of US commerce with the rest of the world. It explains...

On January 22, 2018, the Trump administration imposed Safeguard Tariffs on $8.5 billion of imports of solar panel and $1.8 billion for washing machines. This move marked the beginning of what is now considered a trade war the USA is fighting against China and other traditional American trade...

The pattern of international trade adjustment is affected by the continuing international role of the dollar and related evidence on exchange rate pass-through to prices. This paper argues that a depreciation of the dollar would have asymmetric effects on flows between the United States and its...

After the decline in oil prices, many oil exporters face the need to improve their externalbalances. Special characteristics of oil exporters make the exchange rate an ineffectiveinstrument for this purpose and give fiscal policy a sizeable role. These conclusions aresupported by regression...

The current patterns of bilateral trade continue to highlight greater exports from India under the resource- based and raw material categories. Imports are under the machinery and processed minerals category. In the past, high revenues were earned from iron ore exports, thanks to high...

This paper examines the effects of border-adjusted consumption taxes (mainly value added taxes or VATs) in a sample of 34 advanced economies from 1970 through 2015. We find that the real exchange rate tends to rise by the full amount of any consumption tax increase, with little effect on the...

Trade is a reciprocal relation, and must always be balanced. This paper shows that the traditional partial model of international trade is a monster model, combining the demand and the supply of two different markets into one graph. Such theory thus misleads some people to use trade deficit to...

This study investigates the short- and long-run impact of infrastructure on export and trade deficit in selected South Asian countries during 1990-2017 by using Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator and cointegration techniques like Pedroni and Kao test. The empirical results of PMG approach...