Abstract The attributable fraction is a common measure in epidemiological research, which quantifies the public health impact of a particular exposure on a particular outcome. Often, the exposure effect may be mediated through a third variable, which lies on the causal pathway between the...

How do you estimate poverty, inequality and earnings when the income variable consists of a combination of point-identified, interval-identified, and missing observations? This paper proposes a unifying theoretical approach to the problem of deriving point estimates when such data are present....