earned as if operating under monopolistic competition. Overall, the results show that market concentration is not …

, i.e., nearing competition, has a dampening effect on R&D spending. Utilities reduce their expenses due to increased … become used to the new situation, higher levels of competition positively influence R&D and former incumbents invest more in … order to “escape” from the competition. Moreover, we find no indication that (ownership) unbundling and incentive regulation …

privatization. However, the simultaneous presences of the other reforms in terms of regulation-competition and privatization …-fixed competition do not help to improve the sector performance.  …

Abstract In Electronic Payment Networks (EPNs), the No-Surcharge Rule (NSR) requires that merchants charge at most the … monopolistic merchants, and a proprietary EPN) with endogenous transaction volumes, heterogeneous card use benefits for merchants … and network externalities of card-accepting merchants on cardholders to assess the efficiency and welfare effects of the …

timetable, peak and off-peak pricing, and additional on-board services. The results were remarkable, with passenger ridership …

analyzing the tension between static efficiency (pricing behavior) and dynamic efficiency (investment behavior). The investment …. Under this setting, despite the increase of price competition, the decrease in network quality leads to a fall in consumer … dynamic efficiency, allowing more price competition while preserving investment incentives. This topic deserves further …

little value. It examines the effect of flexible pricing on efficient and inefficient entry into the U.S. letter delivery …

finding is an inverted U-shaped relationship between per capita telecommunications investment and competition.  …

This paper examines the importance of competition in innovation and the growth of firms. We make use of the large …-scale natural experiment of the shift from an economic system without competition to a market economy to shed light on the factors …