Biodiversity is an important environmental public good. However, the literature suggests that it is not clear how its … biodiversity value from the ecological and economic literatures and combines them to a comprehensive and consistent framework. It … is argued that biodiversity is the main carrier of insurance value, option value and spill-over value, and also …

changes in existence. Moreover, when applied to biodiversity, the concept of existence value gives rise to an instance of a … biodiversity cannot have existence value; yet the results of empirical studies suggest that people in stated preference studies can …