option of acquiring, and steering users toward, its target's competitor, it can take over the target at a discount. In … controlling access points, so it may go to great lengths to dominate these markets. Our theory's logic suggests that ecosystems … dominance of access points lower incentives for entry and innovation, and lower the efficiency of access-point markets with …

We develop a theory of digital ecosystems built on the premise that a multi-market firm can steer users it has in one … steering users toward, its target’s competitor, it can take over the target at a discount. In contrast, other firms have no or … great lengths to dominate these markets. Our theory suggests that ecosystems have mixed implications for consumer welfare …

Are dominant online search engines monopolies enjoying low contest-ability, due to high barriers to entry, or … online search engines use the innovation feedback loop to maintain their first-mover advantages, as entry barriers in the … discontinuities by potential or fringe competitors. Furthermore, first-mover advantages are also maintained via entry into adjacent …

media content, including the AT&T-Time Warner and the Disney-Fox mergers. Using a theory-driven approach, we examine …

entry in the short and long run. Second, in contrast to the mainstream prediction that mergers with future rivals do not … Google’s takeover of Android and YouTube. I also introduce a framework for analyzing mergers with nascent rivals …