Forest industry has undergone profound changes since the 1990s. Industry-level consolidation and the rise in international investments are the most noticeable features of this process. Based on reviewing internationalization from internalization and transaction cost, resource based, industrial...

In resource accounting, simple theoretical models built upon efficiency prices have been developed to capture changes in social welfare generated by natural resources. We examine whether changes in market stumpage prices, as proxies for efficiency prices, have actually reflected changes in the...