This study examines the role of business organisations in co-governing biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES). The empirical analysis includes twelve Nordic forest corporations considered market leaders in Finland, Sweden and Norway. Using content analysis of corporate sustainability reports...

In previous literature, the degree of exchange rate pass-through to importing countrys currency has often been found to be incomplete, which supports the idea of imperfect competition in the forest products markets. In this study, exchange rate pass-through is examined by employing a mark-up...

In resource accounting, shadow prices of natural resources and environmental effects should be used as the social marginal value of goods. Since it is difficult to measure shadow prices in practice, market prices are often used as proxies for shadow prices. A prerequisite for the use of these...

We study the impact of the carbon price on the integrating electricity market in the EU. Our theoretical framework suggests that the price of carbon has a positive but uneven impact on electricity prices depending on the marginal production plant. The carbon price may increase price differences...

We investigate the price determination of the European Union emission allowance (EUA) of the European Union emissions trading scheme (EU ETS). We postulate an uncertain permit price and risk-averse firms which have the possibility to hedge in the forward market. The firms produce final goods,...

Forest industry has undergone profound changes since the 1990s. Industry-level consolidation and the rise in international investments are the most noticeable features of this process. Based on reviewing internationalization from internalization and transaction cost, resource based, industrial...

Based on the Johansen's cointegration method, this study analyses the convergence of the Finnish and Estonian coniferous prices and if there exist any long rum relationships between the wood assortments and species. The data is monthly time series from nominal delivery prices of spruce and pine...