Haulage contractors are always looking for ways of improving efficiency and reducing costs. These usually rely on better management practices. Computers are now an almost essential management tool and it would be reasonable to suggest that truck operators should be heavy users of computer...

Inventory control has been an area of constant research for many years and most fundamental problems are now well understood. Despite some difficulties relating theory to practice, good solutions can be found for most inventory problems, especially with increasing availability of computers....

Centrally‐planned economies generally put little emphasis on the retail sector. The communist government in Poland, for example, worked with an “economy of shortages”, where demand for most goods was greater than supply and there was no incentive to develop an efficient distribution...