Balanced scorecards are having a major impact on executives’ strategic decision making by encouraging their use of future‐oriented, non‐monetary success indicators. This article explains how to create a balanced scorecard with a reasonable number of indicators, set appropriate benchmarks...

Much has been written about performance appraisal (PA) in terms of its outcomes: little however, has been focused on the mediation of actual practice, beyond simple descriptions informing its implementation. Seeks first to understand the historical implications of contemporary PA; second,...

Chaos theory is about to invade the thinking and vocabulary of practising managers and management academics. It will mark the major breakthrough in the 1990s, just as systems theory represented the great step forward three decades ago. Indeed, it may be regarded as a natural extension of systems...