This paper puts forward the concept and analytic expression of the environmental pressure index (EPI) for discovering and warning an economic crisis. Empirical researches show, EPI can effectively indicate that the economic crisis occurs or will occur. It is worth noting, EPI can also be applied...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reveal some basic characteristics in social and economic process, and lay the analytic foundation for advance-retreat course (ARC). Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents the analytic model of stochastic ARC (SARC), which is based on the...

In this paper, the Partial Distribution (PD) and multivariate Partial Distribution (MPD) are presented in their concepts, properties and applications, and PD is compared with the lognormal and the levy distribution. Though the levy distribution is better to describe the exchange returns in...

Based on the advance-retreat course model, a growth model under environmental pressure, this paper builds an economic growth model that focuses on the aggregation of capital and innovation with environmental pressure. Importantly, the paper presents methods for computing the optimal quantity of...