Growth and real convergence in Portugal are usually analyzed after EU accession on January 1st 1986 based on real GDP per capita. There is however a lack of literature approaching the subject from a European distribution of income perspective and for a longer time period. We fill this gap by...

The aim of this study is to assess to what extent the Portuguese participation in the European Monetary System has been characterized by mean reverting behaviour, as predicted by the exchange rate target zone model developed by Krugman (1991). Although exchange rate mean reversion is widely...

From the mid-1980s to the late-1990s a considerable number of empirical studies investigated the impact of the Welfare State (WS) on economic growth with no definite conclusions on the sign, transmission mechanisms and direction of causality of the relationship. More recently, globalization,...