Since the development of the Internet, thousands of manufacturers have been referring consumers visiting their websites to some or all of their retailers. Through a model with one manufacturer and two heterogeneous retailers, we investigate whether it is an equilibrium for the manufacturer to...

Nowadays, businesses are led by technologies due to the rapid growth of electronic commerce (e-commerce) and development in small-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in a country. Relationship of e-commerce and SMEs is a main concern in developing countries; however, there are limited studies in the...

Abstract Recommender systems that inform consumers about their likely ideal product have become the cornerstone of eCommerce platforms that sell products from competing manufacturers. Using a model of an electronic marketplace in which two competing manufacturers sell their products through a...

Manufacturers face two crucial groups of questions in determining their distribution strategy: 1) channel design, and 2) contracting and pricing. To approach this problem, we consider a triple-channel supply chain where a manufacturer can sell through an offline (conventional) retailer, an...