Every year, thousands of new chemicals enter the market, adding to a vast array already in use. However, only a small portion of these chemicals are subjected to thorough assessments of their toxicity, leaving many potential health risks unexplored, particularly in cardiovascular safety. The...

Evaluating the effectiveness of EU legislation requires the identification of significant impacts across economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Quantifying health impacts, typically through environmental burden of disease indicators, is crucial. However, assessing health impacts of...

This report summarises the main findings and discussion from the European Commission (EC) workshop on "The Roadmap Towards Phasing Out Animal Testing for Chemical Safety Assessments" (Brussels, 11-12 December 2023). The aim of the workshop was to identify the major challenges in moving towards...

The purpose of this report is to review and analyse the main results of the co-implementation process in 2023. Based on the information collected through the call for transition initiatives, the input provided by the working group and the task forces as well as desk research, this paper will:...

The chemical industry is a vital player in the EU economy, and most goods that are manufactured in Europe rely on chemicals for a wide range of various functions. They are at the heart of Europe's major value chains, including pharmaceuticals, electronics, batteries for electric vehicles,...

The Guidance aims to highlight the main funding opportunities to support the coimplementation of the Transition Pathway for the Chemical Industry. It outlines the main EU funding programmes to achieve the green and digital transition of the EU Chemical Industry. The document also lists relevant...

This Methodological Guidance clarifies some aspects of the voluntary application of the 'safe and sustainable by design' (SSbD) framework for chemicals and materials. It combines the disciplines of "Risk Assessment" (RA) and "Sustainability Assessment" (SA), which have different methodologies,...

In 2020, the Chinese coal chemical industry processed nearly one quarter of national coal throughput, and accounted for about 5.4 per cent of national CO2 emissions. Yet the coal chemicals’ industry ability to limit oil and gas imports is appealing to the Chinese leadership in the context of...

This article outlines a pilot study aimed at exploring the influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption and firm performance within Czech chemical SMEs. With dual aims, the study first evaluates the feasibility of the main research design and secondly...

Striving to mitigate climate change, the European Union has adopted net-zero greenhouse gas emissions as a target for 2050. In this paper, European chemical industry roadmaps from the past six years are assessed and compared to uncover how the industry envisions its role in the transition to...

The price pass-through of CO2 costs was analysed for HRC and PE/PP products as parts of a BEV. It was revealed that the feasibility of transferring these costs hinges on a company's ability to dictate prices, either as a significant player in international markets or through bilateral...

I study the impact of industrial policy on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea’s heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973–1979. Based on newly assembled data, I use the introduction and termination of industrial policies...

This study investigates the impact of the introduction of the European chemical regulation (the EU REACH legislation) on chemical search and innovation by focusing on the knowledge recombination processes leading to the generation of inventions. Using a novel dataset of patents and chemical...

The accumulation of allelochemicals released by plants is commonly found in continuous monocropping systems. These chemicals, such as phenolic acids, were shown to be the major sources of autotoxin or pathogen accumulation in soils, leading to a direct or indirect continuous cropping obstacle....

1948, zwei Jahre nach der Wiederaufnahme der diplomatischen Beziehungen, schloss die Schweiz einen Handelsvertrag mit der Sowjetunion, auf dessen Basis sich die Handelsbeziehungen erfolgreich entwickelten. In der Breschnew-Zeit, dem Hauptzeitraum der Untersuchung, standen Handels- und...

The production of leather goods requires different chemicals. To align with sustainable consumption and production standards, these chemicals should have no negative effects on the environment and people who are producing and consuming these products. The proliferation of more sustainable...

Korea has maintained highly energy and resource-dependent industries since the late 1970s after turning from light industries such as the textile industry, to heavy industries such as shipbuilding, iron and steel, petrochemical and automobile as the nation’s major industries. Inevitably,...

Group 1 metal and chemical industries formed the essential suppliers of British war materials during WW2. Their industrial sectors covered metal manufacture, general and electrical engineering, vehicle production, aircraft production, shipbuilding, metal goods, chemicals and explosives, and...

The chemical industry is a vital part of the global economy and supply-chain network. It involves conversion of raw materials like oil or natural gas to thousands of products which are essential to modern life. India is the 6th largest producer of chemicals globally, 3rd in Asia and it is the...

This report presents the findings of the "Impact Assessment Study on the simplification of the labelling requirements for chemicals and the use of digital labelling". It provides input for the Impact Assessments on the targeted revisions of the CLP and the Detergents regulations. On one hand,...

The report presents the results of a project to support the Commission in the preparation of a legislative proposal by identifying options to (i) streamline chemical-related data flows and improve data interoperability, dissemination and re-use, (ii) improve the implementation of the legal...

This report presents the main findings from the European Chemical Agency's (ECHA's) New Approach Methodology (NAM) workshop "Towards an Animal-Free Regulatory System for Industrial Chemicals" (31 May - 1 June 2023). The aim of the workshop was to discuss how to support the transition to an...

The Coordinated Activities on the Safety of Products (CASP) projects enable all market surveillance authorities (MSAs) from European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) countries to jointly ensure that unsafe products are swiftly removed from the Single Market. This activity focused on...

The Export Control Handbook for Chemicals (2023 edition) contains a detailed mapping of chemicals, around 2000, subject to export controls (restrictions, or prohibitions under sanctions) because of their inclusion in various EU regulations, or the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty. Each...

The Export Control Handbook for Chemicals (2023 edition) contains a detailed mapping of chemicals, around 2000, subject to export controls (restrictions, or prohibitions under sanctions) because of their inclusion in various EU regulations, or the Chemical Weapons Convention treaty. Each...

The 2020 industrial strategy included a list of actions to support the green and digital (twin) transition of EU industry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic affected the speed and scale of this twin transition. To address this disruption, in the updated 2021 industrial strategy, the Commission...

This report presents the first application of the European Commission (EC) Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) framework in a case study, on plasticisers in food contact material. Both the SSbD framework and the case study were developed by the EC's Joint Research Centre. The case study was...