Éducation, croissance et convergence : analyse au sein d'un modèle à générations imbriquées

This paper provides an overlapping generations model with both physical and human capital, in order to study the link between heterogeneity and growth. The study stresses out the flexibility of the OLG model to analyse the mutual dependence between the human capital distribution and the dynamics of the economy. It is assumed there exists an externality taking into account the effects of the average human capital dotation. Contrary to Lucas [1988], the external effects are present in the individual accumulation function of human capital, and not in the output function. Due to this specification, the model exhibits spillover effects that generate convergence, even in the case of endogeneous growth. Besides, it is shown that the dynamic equilibrium depends upon the initial heterogeneity of human capital. JEL classification : 015, J24