Русская аграрная институциональная система (историко-конструктивистский анализ)

In this paper, the current situation in Russian agriculture is analyzed on the basis of constructivist institutionalism as a result of the institutional evolution during several centuries. In particular this analysis has shown that such agrarian upheavals in Russia, as the abolition of serfdom in 1861, Stolypin reform in 1906, the October Revolution in 1917, the collectivization of the late 1920s - early 1930s., as well as post-Soviet reforms in the 1990’s and theirs adjustments at the beginning of this century, took place following specific cycles. These cycles can be summarized as follows: the functioning of institutions produces reactions of different actors, which are expressed in ideologies; ideologies are competing for influence, and for whatever reason one of these ideologies determines the content of the legislation, which is created to solve problems in the functioning of institutions; the new legislation affects (but does not define) the operation of institutions with the old and/or new problems, and we return to the starting point of the cycle. The legislation does not define the functioning of institutions, since the rules that underlie the institutions can be formal or informal. In order to understand the complementarity or incompatibility of formal and informal rules, it is necessary to analyze the dynamics of their links, as the socio-economic reality is very inertial. The perception of the institutions of different actors is going through the prism of their sense of justice, and it can provoke a conflict between legitimacy and legality.