Literatures about agricultural production efficiency are reviewed. Concept of DEA Method, as well as the definition methods of effective DEA and scale efficiency increase is introduced. According to the relevant statistical data in the years 1997-2007 in Chongqing Municipality, efficiency of agricultural economy is calculated from the year 1997 to 2007 by DEA method and the scale efficiency is also analyzed by taking the total output of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry as the output index. And the input index includes total workforce in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, the total sown area of crops, the total power of agricultural machinery, chemical fertilizer application, the draft animal, and the effective irrigation area. Result shows that Chongqing City became a municipality directly under the central government; its agricultural production efficiency is still low. And the sustainable development capacity of agricultural is weak in Chongqing, and the agricultural resources are not fully used. Based on this, related suggestions are put forward to improve the agricultural production efficiency of Chongqing, such as implementing an appropriate management scale of land, improving the organization degree of peasant households and the rate of industrialization management, enhancing the quality of the rural labor force, strengthening the agricultural science and technology input and extension, perfecting the construction of rural infrastructure, and improving the rate of resource utilization.
