The subject of reducing greenhouse gas emission has already emerged as a critical issue in the world. Accordingly, the target system for controlling greenhouse gas and energy has become effective from 2012. Also, the emission trading scheme has been positively considered, and its legislation passed in the National Assembly in 2012.The advantages of reducing greenhouse gas emissions are generally two points. Firstly, the decrease in the displacement of greenhouse gas instantaneously improves our quality of life. In addition to this, it saves us from shifting the environmental contemporary burden to the future generations. It implies “sustainable”. On the contrary, it will provide a substantial burden in the present economy which has exploited its natural resources. For example, the reduction of greenhouse gas emission under the current production system will generate additional costs to replace existing facilities and production processes into the new eco-friendly system. In fact, from the perspective of economic aspects, there are different views regarding the time plan and specific methods for greenhouse gas reduction. Therefore, to achieve sustainable growth, the most effective efforts are urgently required.Until the 20th century, there were already a number of efforts to increase competitiveness in the international market and to lead economic growth by improving labor and capital productivity. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, sustainable growth in regards to the environment was established as one of the major challenges. In particular, the concept of sustainability has come to the forefront especially since the Brundtland report (UN, 1987). The sustainable development, which takes into consideration the economy, politics and environment all together, is defined as “a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” in the report. Because the term development implies a progressive social change as well as an economic change, economic parts of sustainable development can be regarded as sustainable growth.We should consider the two goals - not only economic growth but also stabilization of greenhouse gas (concentration). Beibhocker et al. (2008) of McKinsey Institute suggested the concept of carbon productivity to achieve both targets. According to the report, carbon (equivalent) emission should be reduced yearly about 20 gigaton (Gt) to stabilize the level of world greenhouse gas at 450~500ppmv in 2050. It implies 2.4% of emission reduction per year, during the entire sample period - 1971~2009. To satisfy the target about stabilization of greenhouse gas density while maintaining the 3.1% of economic growth trend, carbon productivity should be increased by 5.6% per year and reach a level of ten times larger than the current level. This emphasizes the need for rapid increase of carbon productivity in order to achieve future stable growth.This paper investigates Korea’s status and trend in the world economy with respect to the carbon productivity and adverts to the implications to improve its institutional aspects. At first, we define what carbon productivity is in chapter 2. Then in chapter 3, the trend of carbon productivity is investigated with that of the world and major international organizations - G20, OECD, ASEM, and EU -. In particular, the objective of the chapter is to figure out the Korea’s status and to compare rankings between the productivity and the GDP per capita of Korea. Lastly, chapter 4 provides useful implications about the policy to increase carbon productivity efficiently