Chapter 5 : Municipal Water Demands

In most industrialized countries more than 80% of the population lives in cities or other urban communities. The residents of the urban areas are provided with a variety of water services, including water supply, sewage collection and treatment, and wastewater disposal. The volumes of water demanded for each of these purposes vary considerably from place to place as a consequence of the differing characteristics of the users and the uses, the physical and climatic differences between locations, and various differences in economic and social policies. Municipal water demand modeling therefore requires detailed analyses of different water uses, and the factors that affect them