China's regional energy and environmental efficiency: A DEA window analysis based dynamic evaluation

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently become a popular approach in measuring the energy and environment performance at the macro-economy level. A common limitation of several previous studies is that they ignored the undesirable outputs and did not consider the separation of inputs into energy resources and non-energy resources under the DEA framework. Thus, within a joint production framework of considering both desirable and undesirable outputs, as well as energy and non-energy inputs, this study analysis China's regional total-factor energy and environment efficiency. This paper utilizes improved DEA models to measure the energy and environment efficiency of 29 administrative regions of China during the period of 2000 to 2008. In addition, the DEA window analysis technique is applied to measure the efficiency in cross-sectional and time-varying data. The empirical results show that east area of China has the highest energy and environmental efficiency, while the efficiency of west area is worst. All three areas of China have similar trend on the variation of efficiency and in general the energy and environment efficiency of China slightly increased from 2000 to 2008. The regions of east area have a more balanced development than the regions of central area and west area according to energy and environment efficiency.