Como os economistas discordam: ensaios sobre o 'contexto da descoberta' em economia - a metodologia

This article is the first of a three in a series that intends to investigate the history of economic thought from a plural perspective, considering the variety of approaches as the stronger feature in the knowledge of economic phenomena. Here is presented a suggested methodology to study the born of schools of thought, what we call the 'context of discovery' in economics. We argue about the relations between the social reality, that is specific, historically and geographically, and the theories and new approaches that appear in these contexts. The methodology suggested ranges from the schools of thought characterization, by the means of Kuhn and Lakatos categories, until the treatment of anachronism, that is embedded in all intellectual historiography work So, a interpretative model is designed, with the motivation to use it in the next two essays, that are case studies, the first about the German historical school and the second on the American institutionalism.