Confidence and Gender Gaps in Competitive Environments
This paper analyzes theoretically how confidence gaps affect behavior in tournaments as well as in contests. An overconfident player overestimates his ability and hence his probability of winning. Our results help organizing experimental evidence on gender gaps in outcomes and behavior in tournaments and contests. Namely, the fact that women are less likely to enter tournaments, women often do not perform as well in tournaments, and women tend to bid more in contests