Consistency of Civil-Military Relations in the Israel Defense Forces The Defensive Mode in Cyber

The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has four battle threats, where cyberis equitable to conventional (state), subconventional (nonstate), and nonconventional. An escalation in one could lead to an overall escalation in all. In thepolitical areas and, by extension, in civil-military relations (CMR), the IDFhas a defensive mode as routine, while an offensive mode is manifest rarely inemergencies and war. The IDF is engaged in a total war in a defensive mode yeta limited war in the offensive mode as Israel’s adversaries do not share the samepolicies with regular cyber and terror attacks against civilian, government, andmilitary targets. There is consistency in all four threats. Fencing, active defense,and preventive and preemptive strikes dominate