Cost-efficient emission control strategies for the Turkish energy system

As a consequence of the fast-growing energy requirements and the increasing use of low-grade domestic fuels, air pollution has increased considerably in recent years in Turkey. Since the energy demand is projected to continue to increase rapidly also in the future, energy-supply strategies are required to control air-pollutant emissions in a cost-efficient way, taking into account the legal emission-control regulations which have been enforced. In a project carried out by the Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), Karlsruhe, in collaboration with the Gazi University, Ankara, and the responsible official Turkish institutions, cost-efficient future emission-control strategies are being developed for Turkey. This project is financed by the Volkswagen-Stiftung, Hannover. By using the energy-environmental model EFOM-ENV as a tool, cost-efficient mixtures of technological emission-control measures, including fuel switching, substitution of energy-conversion technologies and application of emission-reduction technologies, are being determined for Turkey to comply with different emission-control targets and existing legal regulations. In this paper, the methodological approach of this project and selected results are presented.