Country studies for the report "Surveillance by intelligence services" - project on National intelligence authorities and surveillance in the EU : fundamental rights safeguards and remedies - Legal update ; Short Thematic Report, Vol. II

These reports from EU Member States provided the background for the second volume of FRA’s report on National intelligence authorities and surveillance in the EU: Fundamental rights safeguards and remedies. The country studies were prepared by FRA’s research network, FRANET. These studies were commissioned as background material for FRA’s project on "National intelligence authorities and surveillance in the EU: Fundamental rights safeguards and remedies". The information and views contained in the documents do not necessarily reflect the views or official position of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights. The document is made publicly available for transparency and information purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice or a legal opinion.FRA would like to express its appreciation for the comments received from FRA’s National Liaison Officers on some national reports.