Hydrogen has recently emerged as the next clean energy source minimizing environmental problems such as climate change and air pollution by supplementing or replacing depleted fossil fuels. Hydrogen as an energy source does not emit harmful by-products in the process of its use, so it is highly eco-friendly and suitable for the new climate system. It is also energy-efficient. When using both electricity and heat, the overall energy efficiency of a fuel cell reaches 80 percent, which is well above the 35 percent electricity energy utilization efficiency of existing power plants. In addition, hydrogen energy is expected to become a major energy source in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), as it is capable not only of serving as a distributed power source through fuel cells; it also contributes greatly to bringing about energy independence. Therefore the hydrogen industry, using hydrogen as an energy source, is expected to grow into a new industrial field with significant economic and industrial spillover effects in the future.Many countries around the world including Korea are expressing active interest in the hydrogen field, and have positively assessed the usefulness and potential for hydrogen development. There is some skepticism surrounding the electrolysis method, which is seen as a clean hydrogen production method, owing to the fact that a lot of energy is required in the hydrogen production process, and there are some technical issues that remain to be solved. Nevertheless, as the hydrogen energy economy is rapidly improving due to changes in the global energy mix and technological innovation, the possibilities of hydrogen as an eco-friendly future energy source are highly regarded, with major countries around the world actively investing in hydrogen. Korea policies for the supply of hydrogen cars and market revitalization were first promulgated since 2015. In January 2019, the government expressed a desire to foster the hydrogen industry by announcing its “Roadmap for Activating the Hydrogen Economy”, which is a comprehensive development plan for the hydrogen industry. Now our government is trying to boost the hydrogen economy with robust measures. At this point, it is necessary to examine the potential environmental changes that would be caused by a transition to a hydrogen economy, trends in the domestic and foreign hydrogen industry and other major issues. It is also important to analyze the current location and competitiveness of Korea’s hydrogen industry from the perspective of industrial ecosystems.Based on this, it is also critical to explore ways to create an industrial ecosystem and derive development tasks for the mid- to long-term. The hydrogen industry is divided into the supply (hydrogen production, storage and transport) and demand (hydrogen mobility and fuel cells) sides in examining the current status and characteristics of development its development in Korea. The final purpose of the article is to propose tasks for the development of the hydrogen industry by evaluating the constraints and potential for development of the industry by evaluating the growth base and competitiveness levels of each industrial ecosystem.There are limitations in analyzing the hydrogen industry - which is still in its early stages in terms of power generation - given the available quantitative indicators. For this study, surveys of companies in the hydrogen industry as well as practitioners and experts in industry, academia and research, and utilized the results. A review of the literature revealed a lack of prior domestic research on the topic using surveys; the results of the analysis are expected to carry useful policy implications