Do experts and stakeholders perceive energy security issues differently in Bangladesh?

As energy experts' judgement can be biased, we involved stakeholders simultaneously in deriving an energy security (ES) framework for Bangladesh to check whether their perception on ES issues is different from that of energy experts, and whether they reduce experts' biasness. We conducted a two-round Delphi and statistical analysis to identify key ES issues and indicators for the framework. Findings suggest that stakeholders' perception is significantly different from that of the energy experts on several issues, which directly impact energy consumers' living or require adequate knowledge and critical thinking for analysis. Results further suggest that inclusion of stakeholders reduces biasness in expert judgements by complementing the experts’ selection with their higher ratings for several key ES issues.