Do Sanitary Pads Alleviate Period Poverty and Improve Girls' Educational Outcomes?

Using a staggered installation of sanitary pad vending machines across schools in the Indian state of Kerala, we study the impacts of free monthly access to sanitary pads on girls’ educational outcomes. We find that the number of dropouts among female students in the 7th-grade decrease by 24 percentage points and the number of girls who pass the upper primary school-leaving examination increases by 82.8 percent after the treatment. Our results are mainly driven by girls in backward-caste, rural schools, and public schools, supporting the idea that free distribution of sanitary pads alleviates cost of obtaining sanitary pads