Dual Sourcing : Creating and Utilizing Flexible Capacities with a Second Supply Source
We study a finite horizon, single product, periodic review inventory system with \emph{two} supply sources and a salvage option. These supply sources are typically capacitated and capacity levels often need to be reserved or installed in advance of the operational planning horizon. The supply sources may thus be differentiated by their lead times, capacities and fixed and variable order costs. Salvage options allow for inventory reductions and incur fixed cost and variable revenues. We first analyze the tactical problem of determining an optimal procurement strategy under given capacity profiles at the two suppliers. We then address the strategic model in which optimal capacity profiles are obtained based on two-part capacity contracts. We characterize the structure of optimal procurement strategies when the lead times of the two suppliers differ by a single period and the lead time for salvage opportunities matches that of one of the suppliers. However, our structural results suggest effective heuristics and upper and lower bounds for general lead time combinations