Employment and Earnings

This study is a collection of papers which discuss the social effects of policy reform. Each author covers a specific structural area of adjustment, and provides a model for planning and analyses. Policy reform entails major adjustments in all sectors of society. The 1980s found many countries in Latin America and Africa beginning structural adjustment policies in response to slumping economies. As these macroeconomic reforms were implemented, poverty and social conditions continued to deteriorate in many countries. This trend showed the importance of integrating social dimensions into the design of adjustment programs. These studies discuss the impacts of reform on the social dimensions of poverty, employment and earnings, migrations, human resources efforts in education and health, fertility, women and smallholders. An extensive bibliography is included