Etherification of Hydroxymethyl Furfural with Ethanol on Mesoporous Silica Catalysts of Regulated Acidity to Obtain Ethoxymethyl Furane, a Bio-Additive for Diesel
5-(Hydroxymethyl)-furfural (HMF) is a platform molecule obtained by dehydration of hexoses, product of the hydrolysis of residual lignocellulosic biomass. By etherification with ethanol, 5-(Ethoxymethyl)-furfural (EMF) can be obtained, a promissory bio-additive for diesel. The etherification is catalyzed by solids with acidic sites of characteristic nature and strength. In addition, a suitable porous structure is needed to avoid diffusive restrictions. The performance of the mesoporous silica MCM-41 and SBA-15, with different amount of sulfonic acid sites (-SO 3 H) was compared in a batch stirred reactor at 140 °C and 10 bar of N 2 . The influence of different operational variables in order to implement a continuous production system was assessed, as well as the stability and potential reuse of the catalysts. An SBA-15 catalyst with a 0.054 S/Si molar ratio gave the highest HMF conversion of 94.6% and an EMF yield of 76.5% after 3 h from a solution of 15 g L -1 of HMF in ethanol, and preserved its activity over 4 reaction cycles, reaching after the final cycle a conversion of 78% and a EMF yield of 68.7%. The EMF production was optimized starting from a solution of 90 g L -1 of HMF in ethanol, increasing the catalyst load to 20 g L -1 and decreasing the reaction time to 1.5 h, obtaining a conversion of 94.3% and a EMF yield of 89.3%, representing a rate of formation of 69.1 g L -1 h -1 . The Adjustment Balance of carbon (AB C ) ranged between 78 and 89%, indicated a little formation of humins
Year of publication: |
[2022]
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Authors: | Tonutti, Lucas ; Dalla Costa, Bruno ; Mendow, Gustavo ; Pestana, Gabriel ; Veizaga, Natalia ; Grau, Javier Mario |
Publisher: |
[S.l.] : SSRN |
Subject: | Biokraftstoff | Biofuel | Regulierung | Regulation | Dieselkraftstoff | Diesel fuel |
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