Examining connections between the fourth industrial revolution and energy markets

We investigate the relationship between assets related to the fourth industrial revolution and alternatively dirty and clean energy markets. We examine portfolio diversification benefits and risk reduction gains based on three portfolio construction techniques. Results of static connectedness analysis indicate weak integration between the fourth industrial revolution assets and both clean and dirty energy markets with spillovers being mainly in the short term. Time-varying connectedness analysis shows that the connectedness is time-varying and responsive to external shocks Further, portfolio analysis shows that fourth industrial revolution assets are important for fixed-income portfolios that also comprise stocks and energy assets.