Exchange Market Pressure and De Facto The Evolution of Demographic Phenomena in Terms of Globalization and Environmental Changes

Globalization, climatic changes and demography are the main forces modeling the development of societies, in general, and of each nation, in particular. Both offer opportunities but also imply challenges. The paper aims to identify and synthetically present some factors of influence which triggered by the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century a series of characteristics defining the changes in the demographic model and structure of population by age brackets. Romania’s population lost in the period 1992-2007 about 1250 thousand persons. Also, this paper presents the most important factors that determined the demographic decline beginning in the last decade of the 20th century at national level. For Romania, another phenomenon was represented by the demographic implications of the emigration of the female population of fertile age. The increasing share of female population in the emigration flows became more noticeable over the period 2002-2007. The paper presents the results obtained by using the Markov model for studying the development of demographic indicators in Romania, and their forecasting as well.