Experiências de governança metropolitana internacional : os casos da França, Espanha, Inglaterra e Alemanha

This text analyses aspects of metropolitan governance in European countries, observing cooperated action strategies. Accordingly, it is descanted about the instituted arrangements in a spontaneous and institutionalized way, the sources of funding and the offering of cooperated services. Thereby, this study has the objective of analyzing the metropolitan matter, considering essentially its institutions and the promotion of policies and programs undertaken in the metropolitan spaces. There are considered the institution guidelines of the following European countries: Germany, Spain, France and England, as well as the challenges and limitations of fomentation to the metropolitan governance. The observations were developed from the review of the international literature and researches accomplished by the respective governments between the decade of 1970 and the year 2012. The analysis indicates that the arrangements of metropolitan governance are heterogeneous and diversified, with diverse models, being to common service delivery or being to cooperative acting. There are still observed fragilities in the strategies to the articulation of intersectoral policies and strong conflicts among the public and private economical agents.