Experimental Study on Forced Convective Heat Transfer with Low Volume Fraction of CuO/Water Nanofluid
The present work is an experimental study of steady state convective heat transfer of de-ionized water with a low volume fraction (0.003% by volume) of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles dispersed to form a nanofluid that flows through a copper tube. The effect of mass flow rate ranging from (0.0113 kg/s to 0.0139 kg/s) and the effect of inlet temperatures at 10<sup>0</sup>C and 17 <sup>0</sup>C on the heat transfer coefficient are studied on the entry region under laminar flow condition. The results have shown 8% enhancement of the convective heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluid even with a low volume concentration of CuO nanoparticles. The heat transfer enhancement was increased considerably as the Reynolds number increased. Possible reasons for the enhancement are discussed. Nanofluid thermo-physical properties and chaotic movement of ultrafine particles which accelerate the energy exchange process are proposed to be the main reasons for the observed heat transfer enhancement. A correlation for convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids, based on transport property and <i>D/x</i> for 8 mm tube has been evolved. The correlation predicts variation in the local Nusselt number along the flow direction of the nanofluid. A good agreement (±10%) is seen between the experimental and predicted results.
Year of publication: |
2009
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Authors: | Asirvatham, Lazarus Godson ; Vishal, Nandigana ; Gangatharan, Senthil Kumar ; Lal, Dhasan Mohan |
Published in: |
Energies. - MDPI, Open Access Journal, ISSN 1996-1073. - Vol. 2.2009, 1, p. 97-119
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Publisher: |
MDPI, Open Access Journal |
Subject: | Convective heat transfer | CuO nanofluid | Laminar flow | Nanofluid | Nanoheat transfer | Nanoparticles | Thermal conductivity enhancement |
Saved in:
freely available
Extent: | application/pdf text/html |
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Type of publication: | Article |
Classification: | Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics ; Q0 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics. General ; Q4 - Energy ; Q40 - Energy. General ; Q41 - Demand and Supply ; Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources ; Q43 - Energy and the Macroeconomy ; q47 ; Q48 - Government Policy ; Q49 - Energy. Other |
Source: |
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011031150
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