Firewood and Charcoal Demand in Sub-Saharan Africa : Assessing Sustainability and Trends

Wood fuel, crucial for household energy in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), faces escalating demand and resource challenges. The increasing urbanization driven by rapid population growth, coupled with limited access to electricity and non-renewable energy sources, contributes to the rising demand for wood fuel. Moreover, global concerns about energy independence and a policy shift towards renewable energy further emphasize wood fuel's relevance as a domestic energy source in SSA. This paper presents a comprehensive review of both country-level and regional studies, investigating the drivers of wood fuel and charcoal demand, with a particular focus on the urban preference for charcoal and the obstacles preventing the establishment of well-functioning charcoal markets. It sheds light on the shifting perspectives regarding wood fuel supply shortages, emphasizing the importance of sustainability. By synthesizing insights from country-specific and regional research, this study contributes to a thorough overview of the wood fuel landscape in SSA, offering insights into meeting the region's energy needs while preserving the environment. Solutions like agroforestry, decentralized management, and regulation are discussed to ensure a reliable wood fuel supply, fostering a balance between energy requirements and forest conservation