Globalizacija, tržišna privreda i nacionalno makroekonomsko planiranje (Globalization, Market Economy, and National Macroeconomic Planning)

Serbian abstract: U radu se razmatraju međusobni odnosi globalizacije i makroekonomskog planiranja. Ukazuje se na vezu globalizacije i neoliberalizma, kao njene teorijske osnove, koja je našla izraza u Vašingtonskom konsenzusu pripremljenom krajem 1980-ih. Dok je u periodu 1960–1980 makroekonomsko planiranje bilo uistinu svetski fenomen, obuhvatajući krajem 1970-ih oko 120 zemalja, u poslednjim decenijama 20. veka započeo je proces opadanja njegovog značaja. Sa nešto manje od 40 u 1980. broj zemalja bez makroekonomskog planiranja porastao je na preko 100 u 1990. godini. Dakle, taj proces nije povezan s kolapsom istočnoevropskih socijalističkih zemalja, već s usponom neoliberalne doktrine i posredno s neuspelim iskustvima tzv. administrativno upravljanih ekonomija s direktivnim planiranjem. U Srbiji (Jugoslaviji) makroekonomsko planiranje napušteno je početkom 1990-ih a organi za planiranje transformisani u tela sa znatno manje funkcija i nadležnosti. To se iz današnje perspektive i s rezultatima procesa tranzicije pokazuje kao neadekvatno. Stoga se ukazuje na potrebu ponovnog aktuelizovanja planiranja, uz njegovo prilagođavanje aktuelnim uslovima i uz uvažavanje bogatih iskustava koja su Srbija i bivša Jugoslavija stekle tokom više decenija, a koja relevantne institucije, poput Svetske banke, neopravdano prećutkuju.English abstract: The paper discusses the relationship between globalization and macroeconomic planning. It is showed the link of globalization and neo-liberalism, as its theoretic basis, that was prepared in Washington Consensus adopted at the end of 1980’s. While macroeconomic planning in the period 1960-1980 was really world phenomenon, comprehending at the end of 1970’s about 120 countries, in last decades of this century it began the process of the decline of its significance. From some less than 40 in 1980 the number of countries without macroeconomic planning arose to more than 100 in 1990. Also, this process was not linked with collapse of East-European socialist countries, but with a rise of neo-liberal doctrine and indirectly with unsuccessful experiences of so-called administrative managed economies with directive planning. In Serbia (Yugoslavia) macroeconomic planning was abandoned at the beginning of 1990’s and plan organs were transformed in institutions with less functions and competencies. From today’s perspective and with realized results of the transition process it is inadequate. Therefore it was indicated on the need of re-actualization of planning, with its adaptation to actual circumstances and respect the reach experiences that Serbia and former Yugoslavia achieved during the many decades, that the relevant institutions, as the World Bank, unjustifiable ignore