Gouvernance et développement des micro-entreprises : approche conceptuelle et méthodologique

First used by the New Institutional Economics, concept of governance analyzes all dimensions of State (politic, economic and administrative ones) keeping on relationship between State, private sector and civil society. Applied to micro-enterprises growth, it puts forward features of State and micro-enterprises? interface. In fact, many of these economic units have very few interactions with the State, so, it may be asked whether connexions should be extended. Legalization and fiscalization processes undertaken by the State to bring micro-enterprises under control request a differentiated governance, fitting with the heterogenous dynamics of informal firms which have various capabilities to bear costs and to capitalyze on advantages associated. However, it's necessary to reform civil service to implement “formalization”of micro-enterprises and to offer them compensations. Predatory State prevents economic actors from expressing their needs and their expectations so that State's interventions are unsuitable. Consequently, it first seems necessary to reform civil service so as to modify the nature of interactions existing between these two spheres in order to provide access to state organisations for micro-enterprises; then, to adopt an ‘interactive' model to formulate and implement politics promoting these economic units. (Full text in French)